高考素材积累：晏殊、晏几道父子(汇编两篇)
下面是语文迷网整理的关于晏殊、晏几道两父子的作文素材，希望对你有帮助。
Below is the composition material compiled by the Chinese Language Network about Yan Shu and Yan Jidao. I hope it will be helpful to you.
1、晏几道
Two, Yan Jidao
晏几道(约1040～1112年)，字叔原，号小山，晏殊第七子。词风哀感缠绵、清壮顿挫，著作《小山词》，词风逼近乃父，后人称他们父子为“大晏小晏”，甚至欲以他们父子“追配李氏父子”，和南唐二主李璟、李煜相比。
Yan Jidao (about 1040 ~ 1112), the word Uncle Yuan, No. Xiaoshan, Yan Shu seventh son.The style of words is lingering and frustrated, and the book "Board Ci" is approaching the father. Later generations call their father and son "Da Yan Xiao Yan", and even want to use their father and son to "chase Li's father and son", and the Southern Tang Dynasty.The second master Li Yan and Li Yu.
据说晏几道幼时曾喜欢柳永的词。一次，在家中宴会上，五岁的小晏几道竟将街头流行的“酒力渐浓春思荡，鸳鸯绣被翻红浪”，拍手唱给大家听。一屋高雅宾客 面面相觑，脸上是一片死灰，哪里还能开口!晏殊脸色涨得通红，呵斥道：“住口!小孩子不得胡说乱唱!”小晏几道不依，嚷着这歌好听。晏殊恼怒，立刻给了儿 子一个耳光。丫鬟们慌忙奔过来，要捂住小晏几道的嘴，要将他拉走。小晏几道委屈极了，边走边哭道：“我说的都是真话，我就觉得好听嘛，我为什么不能唱?” 晏殊跌足，喟然长叹：孺子不可教也!
It is said that Yan Jidao liked Liu Yong's words when he was young.At home, at the banquet at home, five -year -old Xiao Yan a few times turned the streets that were popular on the streets, "the wine is getting stronger in spring, and the embroidery is red waves."A house of elegant guests looked at each other, with a dead ash on his face, where could he speak! Yan Shu's face rose red and scolded: "Stop! Children must not say nonsense!" Xiao Yan was not dependent on, and he shouted that the song was nice.Yan Shu was angry and immediately slapped the child.The girls hurried over, she wanted to cover Xiaoyan's mouth, and pulled him away.Xiao Yan was very wronged, crying while walking, "I am talking about the truth, I feel nice, why can't I sing?" Yan Shu fell, and sighed: The sister -in -law can't teach!
但是，长大后的晏几道，却开始像他父亲晏殊那样，视柳永那类慢词为“下里巴人”;在他后半生的神宗时代， 是柳永之后、苏轼主导的慢词黄金时代，晏几道却更加沉醉在“阳春白雪”的小令创作里，写那些回肠荡气的男女悲欢离合。这种难以释怀的“怀旧”心理，可能与 他“从云端坠入凡尘”的坎坷经历有关。
However, after growing up, Yan Jidao began to see Liu Yong's slow words "Xialiba" like his father Yan Shu; in the age of the Shenzong era in the second half of his life, it was the golden age of the slow words led by Su Shi and Su Shi.However, it was even more intoxicated with the creation of "Yangchun Baixue", writing those men and women who were angry with each other.This "nostalgia" psychology may be related to his bumpy experience of "falling from the cloud".
作为宰相之子，少年晏几道过的是珠围翠绕、锦衣玉食的生活，“金鞍美少年，去跃青骢马。牵系玉楼人，绣 被春寒夜”;且因聪明伶俐，据《花庵词选》中记载，仁宗赵祯有一次在宫中举行宴会，特召他作一首《鹧鸪天》演唱。但他十八岁那年，父亲晏殊去世，“树倒猢 狲散”，此后家道中落。神宗熙宁七年，晏几道因郑侠上《流民图》反对王安石变法受到牵连，身陷囹圄。出狱后境况日下，四十多岁时才做了小官，晚年甚至到了 衣食不能自给的程度。
As the son of the prime minister, the young man Yan Ji lived the life of Zhuwei Cuifu and Jinyi Yu Food.The Selection of Words records that Renzong Zhao Yan once held a banquet in the palace and called him to make a "鹧鸪 鹧鸪" singing.But when he was eighteen years old, his father Yan Shu died, "the trees were scattered", and then the house was falling.In the seven years of Shenzong Xining, Yan Jidao opposed Wang Anshi's reform and was involved and trapped by Zheng Xia on the "Map" of Zheng Xia.In the situation after being released from prison, he was only a small official in his forties, and even in his later years, he could not be self -sufficient.
如此经历，形成了晏几道孤傲耿介的个性，好友黄庭坚总结他有“四痴”：“叔原，固人英也。其痴亦自绝人……仕宦连蹇而不 能一傍贵人之门，是一痴也;论文自有体而不肯一作新进士语，此又一痴也;费资千百万，家人寒饥而面有孺子之色，此又一痴也;人百负之而不恨，己信人终不疑 其欺己，此又一痴也。”
Such experience has formed the personality of Yan Jidao's arrogance. Friends Huang Tingjian summarized him as "four idiots": "Uncle Yuan, solid man.Fathers also; thesis is self -decent and refuses to do new jinshi language, this is another idiot; the cost of millions, the family is hungry and has the color of the sister -in -law, this is another idiot;, I believe that people will not doubt that they will bully myself, this is another idiot. "
“旧时王谢堂前燕，飞入寻常百姓家”，沉沦下僚、失意潦倒的晏几道，既不肯依附权贵，又拙于谋生，只能通过缅怀既 往的辉煌岁月，来安置失落的心灵。他就像出家的贾宝玉，始终丢不掉“大红猩猩毡的斗篷”，终身回忆大观园里那几个聪明伶俐的真情姐妹。他的词大多是描写由 富变衰以后的抑郁或失恋诀别之后的悲哀，笔调感伤，凄婉动人，代表作如《临江仙》：
"In the old days, Wang Xietang flew into the home of ordinary people." Yan Jidao, who was sinking and frustrated, was not willing to depend on power, but also worked as a living. He could only settle the lost mind by remembering the brilliant years of the long history.He is like Jia Baoyu who is a monk, and he can't lose the "big red orangutan felt cloak". He recalled the clever and true sisters in the Grand View Garden for life.Most of his words are described by the sorrow after depression or farewell after the richness and decline, the pen is injured, and the masterpiece is "Linjiangxian": "Linjiangxian":
“梦后楼台高锁，酒醒帘幕低垂。去年春恨却来时。落花人独立，微雨燕双飞。
"After the dream, the building was locking, and the wine wake up the curtains low. When the spring hate came last year.
记得小苹初见，两重心字罗衣。琵琶弦上说相思。当时明月在，曾照彩云归。”
I remember Xiaoping first met, the two gravity characters Luo Yi.Say acacia on the pipa string.At that time, Mingyue was here, and Zeng Zeng Yunyun returned."
“当时明月在，曾照彩云归”，怀念歌女小苹，怀念当年的纯真情谊，更是怀念那个纸醉金迷的温柔富贵之乡。脍炙人口的名篇《鹧鸪天》也是如此：
"At that time, Mingyue was here, Zeng Zeng Caiyun returned", missed the singing female apple, missed the innocent friendship of the year, and even missed the gentle and rich hometown of the drunk gold fans.This is also the same as the popular famous article "Sky":
“彩袖殷勤捧玉钟，当年拚却醉颜红，舞低杨柳楼心月，歌尽桃花扇底风。
"Caichang sleeves holding the jade bell diligently, but they were drunk, but they were drunk, dancing the Yangliulou Xinyue.
从别后，忆相逢，几回魂梦与君同，今宵剩把银銾照，犹恐相逢是梦中。”
From the other side, Yixiang meets, a few soul dreams are in the same, and the silver -shot of the silver will be the dream tonight."
另一首《鹧鸪天》抒发的是惆怅春思、无限乡愁：
Another "鹧鸪 抒" expresses the sorrows of Chunsi and infinite nostalgia:
“十里楼台倚翠微。百花深处杜鹃啼。殷勤自与行人语，不似流莺取次飞。
"The Shili Tower is leaning on Cuiwei. The cuckoo crying in the depths of the hundred flowers.
惊梦觉，弄晴时。声声只道不如归。天涯岂是无归意，争奈归期未可期。”
Shocking dreams, when you are clear.The sound is better to return.Is Tianya who has no intention of returning?"
也许，他想通过牢牢地抓住这个快过时的小令，来抓住已经流逝的繁华岁月罢?就像那些曾经辉煌的女明星，穿着那件过时的真丝旗袍不放，宁愿千百次的咀嚼往 事，回味旧梦，也不肯睁开眼睛看已经变化的世界。“追惟往昔过从饮酒之人，或垅木已长，或病不偶。考其篇中所记悲欢合离之事，如幻如电，如昨梦前尘，但能 掩卷怃然，感光阴之易迁，叹境缘之无实也!”
Perhaps, he wants to seize the bustling years that has passed by firmly by grasping this little or outdated order? Just like those once brilliant female stars, wearing the outdated real silk cheongsam, I would rather have a hundred times.Chewing the past, remosive old dreams, and refused to open your eyes to see the changing world."Chasing the people who have been drinking from the past, or the beylum is long, or the sickness is not occasional. The things that the sorrows and joy are not included in the test, such as fantasy, like yesterday, but can be covered up, The light sensation is easy to move, and the sigh of sighing is not true! "
《研北杂志》记载说，苏轼曾对晏几道拒绝慢词、坚持小令的作法十分纳闷。一次，苏轼亲自来拜访晏几道，想和他谈谈心。晏几道从破旧的屋子里踱出来，冷冷地道：“当今朝廷高官，多半是我晏府当年的旧客门生，我连他们都无暇接见，更何况你!”掉头回屋。
The "Research North Magazine" records that Su Shi was very wondering about Yan Jidao's rejection of slow words and insisting on small orders.Once, Su Shi personally visited Yan Jidao and wanted to talk to him.Yan Jidao came out of the dilapidated room and said coldly: "The senior officials of the court today are mostly my old guests of Yanfu. I have no time to meet with them, let alone you!" He turned around.
苏轼自然愣住。当时的苏轼名满天下，又喜朋友，所到之处，无不呼朋引类，极受欢迎。这种钉子还是人生第一次碰到!
Su Shi naturally stunned.At that time, Su Shi was famous all over the world, and he liked his friends. Wherever he went, he was very popular.This kind of nail is the first time in life!
苏轼捋捋胡子，笑着走开了。遇见这么一个任性倔强的落魄公子，他除了笑一笑之外，还能怎么样?难道要去跟穷途末路的晏几道呕气不成?
Su Shi stunned his beard and walked away with a smile.When he meets such a willful and stubborn son, what else can he do in addition to smiling? Is it going to go with Yan Jidao who is poor at the end of his way?
关于晏氏父子词的高下之分，后人有不同的看法，宋人王灼云：“晏元献公风流蕴藉，一时莫及，而温润秀洁，亦无其比……叔原如金陵王谢子弟，秀气胜韵，得 之天然，将不可学。”有许多人认为小晏词不如大晏词的，如《蕙风词话未刊稿》说：“小山词从珠玉词出，而成就不同，体貌各具。珠玉比花中牡丹，小山其文杏 乎?”叶嘉莹也认为小晏词意境“实在远较乃父为狭隘而浅薄。”
Regarding the distinction between Yan's father and son's words, future generations have different views. Children, the show is worse than the rhyme, and it will not be able to learn. "Many people think that Xiao Yan's words are not as good as Da Yan's words. There are different appearances. Pearls in the flowers are peony in the flowers, and Xiaoshan is the apricot? "Ye Jiaying also believes that Xiaoyan's artistic conception" is far from the father's narrow and shallow. "
但小晏词较之大晏词更为沉郁顿挫，在小令的技法上也有所发展，日臻纯熟，故有人 对《小山词》的评价甚高，认为他远超大晏。冯煦在《宋六十一家词选例言》中说：“淮海、小山，古之伤心人也。其淡语皆有味，浅语皆有致，求之两宋，实罕其 匹。”近人夏敬观说：“晏氏父子，嗣响南唐二主，才力相敌，盖不特词胜，尤有过人之情。叔原以贵人暮子，落拓一生，华屋山邱，身亲经历，哀丝豪竹，寓其微 痛纤悲，宜其造诣又过于父。”
However, Xiao Yan's poetry is more depressed than the big Yan, and it has also developed in the technique of small orders. It is familiar with it.Feng Yan said in the "Selection of the Sixty -one Words of the Song Dynasty": "Huaihai, small mountains, ancient sad people also. Its light words have flavors, and they are all caused by the two Songs."Xia Jingguan, who was close to the people, said:" Yan's father and son, who rang the second master of the southern Tang Dynasty.The experienced experience, the sore silk and the bamboo, the slightly painfulness and sorrow, it is better to be too accomplishment and the father. "
这些都是词学专家们对大晏词、小晏词的评价，各有各的理。单从个人的口味上来说，我这个外行不是太喜欢晏几道的 词。同为婉约词，他的词缺少李煜“人生长恨水长东”的气象，没有秦观“柔情似水、佳期如梦”的浪漫，难比柳永“杨柳岸、晓风残月”的缠绵，不如李清照“帘 卷西风，人比黄花瘦”的简约。小晏的词，总觉意境不够大气，题材狭窄，感情雷同，有些词还有点无病呻吟的味道。这或许与他过于拘泥自身、心胸不够开阔有 关。
These are the evaluations of Da Yan and Xiao Yan's words, each of which has their own principles.In terms of personal taste, my layman does not like Yan Jidao too much.As a graceful word, his word lacks Li Yu's "growing growing hate water and long east". There is no romance of Qin Guan's "tenderness like water, good period like dreams", which is more than the lingering lingering of Liu Yong's "Yangliu Bank, Xiaofeng and Conspiracy"., Better than Li Qingzhao's "curtain rolls west wind, people are thinner than yellow flowers".Xiao Yan's words, always feelings of not being atmospheric, narrow themes, similar feelings, and some words and a little moaning.This may be related to him too much, and his heart is not open enough.
但我这几句事不关己、无关痛痒的话，可能会损害晏几道那颗脆弱敏感的自尊心，招来他九泉之下的几声冷笑：“满纸荒唐言，一把辛酸泪;都云作者痴，谁解其中味!”
But if I do n’t care about myself or itching, I may damage Yan Jidao ’s fragile and sensitive self -esteem, and recruit a few sneer under his nine spring:“ The paper is ridiculous, a sour tear;Who can solve it! "
俱往矣，历史的车轮悄然驶过，大晏小晏都已经“零落成泥辗作尘”，唯有词，香如故!
With all the time, the wheels of history drove quietly, and Da Yan Xiaoyan had "scattered into muds", only words, fragrant!
2、晏殊
1. Yan Shu
晏殊(991～1055)，字同叔，江西临川人。自幼聪明，《宋史》记载“七岁能属文，景德初，张知白安抚江南，以神童荐之”，后官至集贤殿学士、同平章事兼枢密使，谥元献，世称晏元献。
Yan Shu (991 ~ 1055), the word Tongshu, a native of Linchuan, Jiangxi.Since childhood, "Song History" records "seven years old can belong to the text, Jing Dechu, Zhang Zhibai appeases Jiangnan and recommended by the prodigy."The world is called Yan Yuanxian.
晏殊是一个公认的诚实人。他十四岁时，参加宋真宗赵恒主持的考试，“神气不慑，援笔立成”。等到复试时，晏殊发觉试题是自己温习过的，就要求另出试题。 赵恒很吃惊，再出题，晏殊仍得高分。赵恒大喜，赐同进士出身，擢秘书省正字，秘阁读书。没多久，赵恒又破格提升为东宫官，说：“近来群臣游玩饮宴，只有你 闭门读书，如此自重严谨，正合适做太子的老师。”晏殊连忙谢恩，认真地说：“陛下，其实我也很喜欢游玩饮宴，只是家贫而已。若我有钱，也会去参与宴游。” 赵恒大笑不已，从此对他格外信任。
Yan Shu is a recognized honest person.When he was fourteen years old, he participated in the Exam hosted by Song Zhenzong Zhao Heng.When the retest, Yan Shu found that the test question was reviewed by himself, so he asked another test question.Zhao Heng was surprised, and again, Yan Shu still had a high score.Zhao Hengda was happy, and he was born with a jinshi.It didn't take long for Zhao Heng to be promoted to the East Palace official, saying, "Recently, the ministers have played a banquet, only you are studying behind closed doors, so rigorous and right to be the teacher of the prince."In fact, I also like to play banquets, but I am poor. If I have money, I will participate in the banquet. "Zhao Heng laughed and since then he trusts him.
晏殊身为仁宗朝的宰相，喜欢奖掖人才，范仲淹、孔道辅等都出其门下，韩琦、 富弼、欧阳修、宋祁等人均被重用，以致有人在晏府庭前贴上一副对联：“门前桃李重欧苏，堂上葭莩推富范”。晏殊还热心教育，“大兴学校，以教诸生”，《宋 史》赞他：“自五代以来，天下学校废，兴学自殊始。”
Yan Shu, as the prime minister of the Renzong Dynasty, likes to reward talents. Fan Zhongyan, Kong Daofu, etc. all came out under the door."Tao Lizhong Ou Su in front of the door, pushing the rich fan on the hall."Yan Shu also enthusiastically educated.
但是，晏殊在文坛上的成就远超政治，他是作为“文学家”而不是“政治家”载入史册的，“ 文章赡丽，应用不穷，尤工诗，闲雅有情思”。他尤擅作词，有“导宋词之先路”、“北宋倚声家之初祖”的美誉，并被戏称为中国唯一的“词人宰相”。晏殊小令 语言婉丽，音韵和谐，温润秀洁，清新含蓄，多表现诗酒生活的悠闲情致，以及在这种生活中产生的感触和闲愁。代表作是《浣溪沙》：
However, Yan Shu's achievements in the literary world are far more politically.Leisure and elegance. "He is particularly good at writing lyrics. He has the reputation of "the first way to guide the Song Ci" and "the first ancestor of the Northern Song Dynasty."Yan Shu Xiao Ling's language is gentle, the rhyme is harmonious, gentle and beautiful, fresh and implicit, and show the leisureness of the life of poetry and wine, as well as the feelings and sorrows of this life.The masterpiece is "Huanxi Sand":
“一曲新词酒一杯。去年天气旧亭台。夕阳西下几时回。
"A new word of wine. Last year, the weather was old.
无可奈何花落去，似曾相识燕归来。小园香径独徘徊。”
Helplessly, He Hua went, seemed to know Yan's return.Small garden fragrant path wandering alone."
“无可奈何花落去，似曾相识燕归来”是传诵千古的名句，来得却很偶然。《复斋漫录》记载，晏殊一次途经扬州，对江都县尉王琪在大明寺的题诗十分欣赏，特 地请他吃饭。筵席后，两人在花园中闲步。时值春晚，晏殊望着夕阳下的遍地黄花，有感而发：“王兄，我作了‘无可奈何花落去’，几年来，未能对出下句!”王 琪抬头，手指天空的飞燕，大声道：“何不用‘似曾相识燕归来’?”晏殊听了，豁然开朗，拍手叫绝。
"Helplessly, the flowers fell, seemed to know each other's return" is a famous sentence that reads the ages, but it came by accident."Fuzhai Man Lu" records that Yan Shu passed through Yangzhou once and appreciated the poem of Wang Qi, the captain of Jiangdu County in Daming Temple, and invited him to dinner.After the feast, the two walked idle in the garden.At the time of the Spring Festival Gala, Yan Shu looked at the yellow flowers in the sunset, and sent it out: "Brother Wang, I made a" helplessness, however, ", for a few years, I couldn't go out the next sentence!" Wang Qi looked up, his finger in the sky in the skyFeiyan, a big saying: "Why don't you have to know Yan's return '?" Yan Shu listened, suddenly cheerful, clapped his hands.
《青箱杂记》说，晏殊“风骨清羸，不喜食 肉，尤嫌肥羶，每读韦应物诗，爱之曰：‘全没些脂腻气’”。晏殊既吸收《花间》温(庭筠)、韦(庄)的长处，又颇受南唐冯延已的影响，追宗“西 昆体”，以情致胜，艳丽之中有沉著，不流于轻倩、浮浅, 故为当时所重，有“仁宗令词之专精者，首推晏殊”的评价。
"The Box Miscellaneous Ji" said that Yan Shu, "The wind and bone are clear, do not like to eat meat, especially the fat, each read Wei Yingwu's poem, love the saying:‘ there is no fatty qi ’.”Yan Shu not only absorbs the strengths of Wen Hua (Ting Yan) and Wei (Zhuang), and is also influenced by Feng Yan, the Southern Tang Dynasty.Light Qian and shallow, so it was the evaluation of "the specialty of the Renzong Ling Ci, the first to push Yan Shu".
《蝶恋花》同样享誉词坛：
"Butterfly Love Flowers" is also well -known in the word circles:
“槛菊愁烟兰泣露。罗幕轻寒，燕子双飞去。明月不谙离恨苦。斜光到晓穿朱户。
"The threshold chrysanthemum is sorrowful. The curtain is cold, and the swallows fly away. The bright moon does not leave and hates.
昨夜西风凋碧树。独上高楼，望尽天涯路。欲寄彩笺兼尺素。山长水阔知何处。”
Last night, the Western Wind withered.On the high -rise building alone, I hope the end of the world.Want to send color notes and ruler.The mountains and rivers know where."
“昨夜西风凋碧树，独上高楼，望尽天涯路”，被王国维在《人间词话》中称为“古今之成大事业、大学问者，必经过三种境界之第一境界也。”
"Last night, the western wind was withered, and the high -rise buildings were on the high -rise building." Looking at the end of the world ", Wang Guowei called" the successful cause of ancient and modern times and the university questioner in "The Words of the World"."
叶梦得《避暑录话》中说，“晏元献喜宾客，未尝一日不宴饮”。晏殊非常喜欢突然留客，家人们十分慌张：一下来了几十个人，没有提前准备筵席，这可如何是 好?晏殊踱步，微笑摆手：“不急，不急，先上酒来!”于是，宾客安然入座，一人设一空案、一酒杯，一边以歌乐相佐，一边谈笑作词;几圈过后，各色水果实蔬 熟食都已经灿然上桌。晏殊等大家吃饱喝足、歌舞尽兴后，遣散歌妓，略一欠身：“诸位，你们的表演结束了，现在，也该我献上两首，以宾主同欢!”于是洋洋洒 洒，挥笔一首《浣溪沙》：
Ye Mengde's "Removing the Summer" said, "Yan Yuanxian's happy guests, not a day without a banquet."Yan Shu likes to stay away suddenly, and the family is very panicked: I came here dozens of people and did not prepare a feast in advance. How can this be good?As a result, the guests settled in peacefully. One person set up a vacant case and a glass of wine, while talking and laughing while singing with songs; after a few laps, all kinds of fruits and vegetables were on the table.After Yan Shu and others were full of food and dancing, they dismissed the singing prostitutes and owed a slight owe: "Everyone, your performance is over. Now, I should present two songs, and the guests and owners will be happy!""Huanxi Sand":
“一向年光有限身。等闲离别易销魂。酒筵歌席莫辞频。
"There is always a limited life. It is easy to get rid of ecstasy.
满目山河空念远，落花风雨更伤春。不如怜取眼前人。”
The mountains and rivers are full of thoughts, and the wind and rain are even more harmful.It's better to pity the eyes."
好一个太平宰相、富贵闲人!
What a prime minister and a wealthy man!
同样是宰相，晏殊和文天祥比，真真一个在天，一个在地。晏殊的日子过得那个叫富贵闲适，我每读到此处，都忍不住淌几滴口水，估计连神仙都要羡慕的罢?可应了那句俗话：宁做太平犬，不为乱世人!
The same prime minister, Yan Shu and Wen Tianxiang, are true in heaven and one on the ground.Yan Shu's life was called rich and rich. Every time I read it, I couldn't help but take a few drops of saliva. It is estimated that even the gods must be envious? But the saying goes: I would rather be a Taiping dog, not for the troubled times.people!
但是，俗语也云：富不过三代。晏府的繁华生活，到晏殊儿子晏几道成年的时候，就已经是“过眼云烟”了。
However, the saying goes also cloud: Three generations.Yan Fu's bustling life, when Yan Shu's son, Yan Jidao was an adult, was already "eye -catching".